Flat-footed benefits?

[Xhosant]

I was wondering: Being flat-footed is bad, since you get penalties such as no dex bonus and enemy rogues going wild.

My question though is this: how good, exactly, is it when the enemy is flat-footed?

More clearly, what are all the ways one can exploit an enemy's flat-footed-ness?I'd like anything you can think of for completeness' sake, but am particularly interested in stuff you can do at a distance (large or preferably unlimited, even if you need special effort to make it work from afar).

[Sian]

well ... Beguiler gets bonuses on their DC's (and penetrading SR later on) from casting spells on flat-footed enemies

[HighWater]

- Sneak Attackers get Sneak Attack on Flatfooted opponents, greatly increasing damage (except agains the myriad of critters immune, naturally), you can apply sneak attack damage at a 30ft distance max, or somewhat more if you have the proper feats.

- Flatfooted opponents are exceptionally easy to hit with (ranged) touch attacks (meaning No Dex/Dodge ánd No Armor/Shield to AC), even better once you get a higher BaB and monsters become more massive. Hitting the broad side of a barn is considerably easier when it's not moving and with the right modifiers this can turn into auto-hits on anything but a 1.

- Enemy FlatFooted is generally good becomes it means you are always (at least) one turn ahead (unless he kills you).

- A bunch of spells require enemies to be unaware of being in a fight to work properly. If you get to go first, and nobody's attacked the Surprised enemy yet, the single creature mentioned in for instance Hypnotism arguably isn't "in combat". You can therefore hypnotise him much easier (a penalty to his saving throw, rather than a bonus). This is Surprised though, which can cause FlatFootedness and is definitely not the same thing.

[Larrx]

Many (most?) critters cannot make attacks of opportunity while flat-footed.

[Telonius]

Unless the enemy has Combat Reflexes, anything that would normally provoke an attack of opportunity no longer provokes. This doesn't help much for ranged effects, but it is a benefit.

[TheIronGolem]

Iaijutsu Focus specifically requires that the enemy be flat-footed, and doesn't care whether the opponent is actually denied their DEX mod. That means Uncanny Dodge is not a defense against it.

At least that's how it was in 3.0, not sure if 3.5 ever changed that.