No, that would be the concept of a Roguelite. Roguelikes were a thing as far back as the 1980s (although the term itself dates back only to 1993), with games like Hack and Moria (the progenitors of NetHack and Angband, which are the two big families of the genre today) being open clones of the original Rogue. Roguelike games are almost universally quite long, do not carry anything forward, and rely on extremely deep background mechanics to keep interest up.