Why is creating undead Evil?

[Doctor Despair]

Are you claiming that every last one of the reasons given is RAW as *fact*, not as an *optional* explanation for why creating undead is evil? If so, that's not what I initially heard claimed, and that changes my response.

Still doesn't exactly leave us with a clear algorithm with which to evaluate D&D morality.

Actually, I reject those rules being universal. After all, one of them is, "draws Atropos". Unless Atropos is a canonically mandated part of every 3e setting, that *cannot* be a part of the universal heuristic of D&D morality.

In light of this, your stance is…?

Iirc Atropus created the gods, so if the setting has the standard gods, it has Atropus; of course, if we are using that as the justification, then a homebrew setting without Atropus should remove the Evil tag from negative energy/undead-related spells.