You are correct on this point and Khedrac is incorrect. It's not even a little bit ambiguous, for the reason you stated.
As for your hypothetical, there will be some variation depending on the wording, but if we turn it into a non-hypothetical, say, combining a monk's belt with the moon-warded ranger substitution levels, then yes, it would work, as they are both untyped bonuses from different sources.
Yes.
Untyped.