EB damage progresses based on class level, similar to how many spells/day a spellcaster gets. The damage of your Eldritch Blast has nothing to do with your caster level. Items like a Chausible of Fell Power increase the damage without increasing the caster level. Similarly, increasing the caster level via Practiced Spellcaster will have absolutely no effect on how much damage it does. Nothing in the wording even implies otherwise, you only want it to say that but it clearly does not.